The 8,000 million people in the world today are acutely and existentially threatened by nuclear weapons, deadly poverty and ever worsening man-made climate change. Yet as set out below, nuclear terrorist, genocidally racist, climate criminal and racist Zionist Apartheid Israel, ruled by a mere 6.8 million racist Zionists, is hugely and disproportionately involved in these 3 key existential threats to Humanity and the Biosphere.
Of course I hasten to add that a numerous and growing body of anti-racist Jewish humanitarians (including myself) are resolutely and unequivocally opposed to the appalling and ongoing crimes of a nuclear terrorist, racist Zionist-run, genocidally racist, serial war criminal, grossly human rights-abusing, child-abusing, mother-abusing, women-abusing, anti-Arab anti-Semitic, democracy by genocide and neo-Nazi Apartheid Israel.
A Zionist-subverted and racist West ignores the present horrible realities that Apartheid Israel rules all of a now 90% ethnically cleansed Palestine (plus ethnically cleansed parts of Syria and Lebanon), and of its 14.4 million Subjects 6.8 million (47.0%) are Jewish Israelis, 0.4 million (2.8%) are non-Jews and non-Arabs, 2.0 million (13.9%) are Palestinian Israelis (subject to 65 Nazi-style race-based laws), and 5.2 million (36.1%) are Occupied Palestinians living under highly abusive military rule and with zero human rights [1]. A further 8 million Exiled Palestinians are excluded from the land continuously inhabited by their forebears for millennia. Despite a century of a Palestinian Genocide involving killing, deprivation and repeated mass expulsions (800,000 Palestinians expelled in the 1948 Nakba and 400,000 more Arabs expelled in the 1967 Naksa; 2.2 million Indigenous Palestinians killed by violence, 0.1 million, or imposed deprivation, 2.1 million, from WW1 onwards), Indigenous Palestinians still represent 50% of the Subjects of Apartheid Israel in Palestine, but over 72% of the Indigenous Palestinian Subjects of Apartheid Israel are excluded from voting for the government ruling them i.e. they are subject to egregious Apartheid. About 50% of the Occupied Palestinians are children, and about 75% women and children. In 2022 the per capita GDP is a deadly $3,500 for Occupied Palestinians and $55,300 for Israelis [1-3].
The world is existentially threatened by (a) nuclear weapons (a post-nuclear holocaust nuclear winter will wipe out most of Humanity and the Biosphere) [4-6], (b) poverty (7.4 million people, mostly children, already die avoidably each year from imposed deprivation ) [7], and (c) man-made climate change (unless requisite action is taken, 10 billion people will die this century en route to a sustainable human population in 2100 of merely 1 billion) [8, 9]. Indeed one of humanity’s greatest minds, Stephen Hawking, has stated “We see great peril if governments and societies do not take action now to render nuclear weapons obsolete and to prevent further climate change” [10].
Set out below is a summary of how genocidally racist Apartheid Israel disproportionately contributes to these 3 key existential threats to Humanity.
(1). Nuclear weapons.
Only 9 countries possess nuclear weapons: the United States (5,400; 1,744 deployed), Russia (6,000; 1,584 deployed), China (350; 100 deployed), France (300 deployed), the United Kingdom (120; goal 240; 40 deployed), Pakistan (150), India (150), Apartheid Israel (100), and North Korea (10-20) [6].
The populations (in millions, M) of these nuclear weapons-possessing countries are as follows: US (331.0 M), Russia (145.9 M), China (1,439.3 M), France (65.3 M), UK (67.9 M), Pakistan (220.9 M) ), India (1,380.0 M), Apartheid Israel’s Jewish population (6.8 M), and North Korea (25.8 M) [7].
Accordingly the “nuclear weapons per million of population” is as follows: US (16.3), Russia (41.1), China (0.24), France (4.6), UK (1.8), Pakistan (0.68) ), India (0.11), Apartheid Israel’s Jewish population (14.7), and North Korea (0.39-0.78).
It is clear that the European nuclear powers have many times more nuclear weapons per capita than the non-European countries. Nuclear weapons per capita relative to India (1.0) are as follows in descending order: Russia (373.6), US (148.2), Apartheid Israel (133.6), France (41.7), UK (16.4), North Korea (3.5-7.1), Pakistan (6.2), China (2.2), and India (1.0). Genocidally racist Apartheid Israel ranks third after the US and Russia and thus hugely and disproportionately threatens Humanity and the Biosphere with nuclear annihilation.
Apartheid Israel could dispense with this obscene arsenal overnight by simply granting its 7.2 million Indigenous Palestinian Subjects Equal Rights, and indeed all the Rights set out in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. However the morally degenerate, genocidally racist and exceptionalist Zionazis running Apartheid Israel refuse to take this simple step that is unexceptional to all decent human beings. The horrible reality is that the leaders of Zionism from its racist psychopath founder Theodor Herzl to the present serial war criminal Israeli PM Benjamin Netanyahu have openly expressed their total commitment not only to colonialist and imperialist racism but also to genocidal racism and ethnic cleansing [11].
One notes that neo-Nazi Apartheid Israel helped neo-Nazi Apartheid South Africa acquire nuclear weapons but Equal Rights for all citizens and the fall of Apartheid in South Africa in 1994 was immediately associated with South Africa’s surrender of all nuclear weapons [4].
(2). Poverty.
Poverty kills and 7.4 million people died globally in 2020 from imposed poverty, with 99% of these avoidable deaths occurring in the non-European world. Since 1950 (when the UN started providing global demographic data) global avoidable deaths from deprivation have totalled 1,500 million with 99% of these excess deaths occurring in the non-European countries [7]. This Global Avoidable Mortality Holocaust carnage is continuing on Spaceship Earth with the rich European world largely in charge of the flight deck. The rich US Alliance countries endlessly talk of the “global rules-based order” but in an astonishing display of hypocrisy, racism, and mendacity endlessly ignore the US Alliance violence that maintains that deadly order. Thus the serial invader, serial war criminal and genocidally racist US has invaded 72 countries (52 since WW2 [12-15]), has indulged in 469 invasions of other countries since 1778 [16, 17], has committed 251 invasions since 1991 [16, 17], has over 800 military bases in over 70 countries (China has only 1, India none)[18], and subverts all countries [15]. Since WW2 the US in its “courageous” defence of the “rules-based order” has invaded 52 countries, all but 1 (Serbia) being non-European [12-15].
Apartheid Israel and genocidally racist Zionism have disproportionately contributed to this Global Avoidable Mortality Holocaust in various ways as summarized below:
(a). Pre-WW2 Jewish settlement schemes and Zionist impact on world wars. Pre-WW2 there were 20 schemes for Jewish Settlement around the world on all inhabited continents [19]. The Jewish Hungarian founder of Zionism, racist psychopath Theodor Herzl, considered already ethnically-cleansed Argentina as an alternative to Arab-populated Palestine as a “Jewish Home”, while advocating the latter as a bulwark of “European civilization” against “Asian barbarism” [11, 20, ]. The British Zionists found common cause with resource-hungry British imperialism, and backed a Zionist state in Palestine that would help protect British Imperial interests (colonial hegemony, the Suez Canal, oil and India). British Zionists persuaded American Zionists to in turn persuade formerly neutral President Woodrow Wilson to enter the war against Germany and Austria-Hungary in April 1917. 2 days after the Australian and New Zealand (ANZAC) victory over the Turks at Beersheba (31 October 1917) the British issued the Balfour Declaration to the Zionists (imperialist Lord Balfour to Zionist Lord Rothschild) on 2 November 1917, declaring Arab-populated Palestine as a Jewish Homeland [1, 21-23] (according to eminent Zionist historian Martin Gilbert it was actually issued to induce Russian Zionists to keep Russia in the war) [21, 24]. Zionist backing of the UK and US against Germany surely impacted the genocidal German, Japanese and Allied atrocities of WW2. A pre-WW2 scheme for a Jewish Settlement in largely ethnically-cleansed NW Australia was vetoed by the Australian PM John Curtin in 1944 on intelligence advice (most likely that the UK War Cabinet had decided to Partition Palestine) [1, 21, 25, 26].
(b). Progressive post-WW2 Zionist subversion and domination of pro-war America. The US became increasingly beholden to Apartheid Israel in the 1960s after John Kennedy and Robert Kennedy failed to get Zionists registered as agents of a foreign state , and critically so after Apartheid Israel acquired nuclear weapons in the middle 1960s [27]. John Mearsheimer, Professor of Political Science at the University of Chicago, and Stephen Walt, Professor of International Relations at the Kennedy School at Harvard University, described the success of the traitorous Zionist Lobby in” The Israel Lobby and U.S. Foreign Policy” [28]. Come 2021 and 30% of President Joe Biden’s Cabinet were Jewish Zionists, with the remainder being “moderate” Christian Zionists (as opposed to the fanatical Biblical literalist Pentecostal Christian Zionists backing Donald Trump) [29]. Apartheid Israel benefited from US imperialism for oil and hegemony, and together with pro-war Zionists strongly influenced US policy making in the Middle East from the 1960s onwards. As estimated in 2015 about 32 million Muslims died from violence, 5 million, and deprivation, 27 million, in 20 countries invaded by the US Alliance since the US Government’s’ 9/11 false flag atrocity that killed 3,000 people, mostly Americans [30-32]. Apartheid Israel benefited from this devastation of the Muslim world, and was very likely involved in the Zionist-complicit 9/11 atrocity and subsequent events [31]. Congress blindly and overwhelmingly supports genocidally racist Apartheid Israel apart from the decent, anti-racist Squad (6 Democratic members of the US House of Representatives namely Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (aka AOC; New York), Ilhan Omar (Minnesota), Ayanna Pressley (Massachusetts), Rashida Tlaib (Michigan), Jamaal Bowman (New York) and Cori Bush (Missouri)) [33]. How revolting that the rest of Congress, White, Brown and Black, support Apartheid Israel and hence the utterly vile crime of Apartheid that is condemned as such by the “International Convention on the Suppression and Punishment of the Crime of Apartheid” [34-36].
(c). Apartheid Israel disproportionately secured most US foreign aid since WW2 to the massive detriment of the impoverished Global South. According to the BBC, since World War Two (WW2), Israel has been the largest overall recipient of US foreign aid. In 2019 Israel was the second highest recipient of US foreign aid after Occupied Afghanistan, followed by Israel’s US-backed neighbouring dictatorships Egypt and Jordan, and US-devastated Iraq. The US under Barack Obama committed to $3.8 billion per year in military aid to Apartheid Israel for the decade covering 2017-2028 [37]. Indeed Apartheid Israel is now a major exporter of deadly weapons systems, and is thus now competing with the US in this awful area. This Apartheid Israeli and Zionist perversion of US foreign aid comes at the expense of the global South and contributes heavily to the Global Avoidable Mortality Holocaust. US development aid as a percentage of GDP is a paltry 0.2% of GNI ($34.6 billion in 2019 of which $3.8 billion was for arms to Apartheid Israel) as compared to Luxembourg (1.05%), Norway (1.02%), Sweden (0.99%), (0.71%) and the UN target of 0.7% [39]. To put this in perspective, the present global GDP is about $100 trillion. It was estimated in 2014 that “An annual global wealth tax of about 4% would yield US$16 trillion annually and enable raising all countries to annual per capita incomes equivalent to the $6,000 per person per year of China and Cuba, well-run countries in which annual avoidable mortality from deprivation is approximately is zero (0)” [7, 40].
(d). Huge avoidable mass mortality in countries attacked and occupied by Apartheid Israel and the Zionist-subverted US Alliance. In the post-WW2 era the Apartheid Israel and the Zionist-subverted US Alliance countries have variously threatened,, attacked and occupied a swathe of poor and largely defenceless countries with a consequent massive impact on avoidable mortality from deprivation. Even countries that are merely threatened by this war-making and hence deeply racist US Alliance have to divert precious resources to defence and thus away from life-saving health, education and infrastructure. 1950-2005 avoidable deaths from deprivation (in millions M) in countries actually partially or completely occupied by the US Alliance in the post-WW2 era are as follows for the various US Alliance occupier countries: Australia (2M), Belgium (36M), France (142M), Apartheid Israel (24M), Netherlands (72M), Portugal (23M), Spain (9M), the UK (727M), and the US (82M) [7]. While the US has invaded 52 countries since WW2, Apartheid Israel has attacked 13 countries, has occupied the territory of 5 countries, and still occupies the territory of 4 countries as well as occupying the third most holy site of 2 billion Muslims, the Al Aqsa Mosque in Al Quds (Jerusalem). The West quite rightly condemns the appalling and war criminal Russian invasion of Ukraine that, variously according to the UN and the BBC, has killed 7,000 Ukrainian civilians and wounded 10,000, killed 13,000 Ukrainian soldiers and wounded 50,000, and killed 19,000 Russian soldiers and wounded 65,000 [41]. However the Zionist-subverted West utterly ignores the millions actively and passively murdered in the Zionist- and US Alliance-imposed carnage of the Global Avoidable Mortality Holocaust outlined above [7]. One notes that war is the penultimate in racism and genocide is the ultimate in racism.
(e). The Zionist-imposed American Holocaust. On an international comparative scale “avoidable deaths from deprivation as a percentage of population” (2020) is 0.0118% (US), 0.0088% (European countries), 0.1110% (
Non-European countries) and 0.3531% (Africa) i.e. relative to the European world (1.0) this is 1.3 (US), 1.0 (European world), 12.6 (non-European world) and 40.1 (Africa) [7]. However within rich America one can determine preventable deaths from “lifestyle choice” reasons (e.g. smoking) and “political choice” reasons (e.g. politically-determined differential access to health care) that total about 1.5 million annually or 32 million such preventable deaths since the 9/11 atrocity that killed 3,000 people, mostly innocent Americans. Ultimately this carnage could be addressed by better preventive medicine, better education, and better access to health services i.e. by government-funded measures. However it was estimated in 2013 that Zionist-subverted American Government support for Apartheid Israel in circa 2008 dollars totalled about $40 trillion, the breakdown being (1) $3 trillion (1948-2003), (2) $4-6 trillion (Zionist-promoted Iraq and Afghan Wars), (3) $0.7 trillion (Value of a Statistical Life- or VSL-based cost of 88,000 US veteran suicides since September 2001) and (4) about $30 trillion (one quarter of the VSL-based cost of 15.6 million preventable American deaths since September 2001). This was an under-estimate because it did not consider the millions of preventable American deaths before 9-11 linked to Zionist subversion and perversion of America [42, 43]. This huge financial perversion by Apartheid Israel and traitorous Zionists has contributed to an American Holocaust involving 36 million American preventable deaths since the US Government’s 9/11 flag atrocity [30-32, 44-46] in which about 3,000 Americans died. Zionist-subverted America committed about $6 trillion to the War on Terror in which 32 million Muslims died from violence, 5 million, and imposed deprivation, 27 million in 20 countries invaded by the US Alliance since 9/11 (2015 estimate [30]). Apartheid Israel and Zionist traitors have determined that the US spent $6 trillion on killing over 30 million Muslims abroad (mostly children) [7] instead of trying to keep over 30 million Americans alive at home.
(f). Neoliberal Zionist wealth and domination of Mainstream media has perverted Western democracy and enabled the continuing Global Avoidable Mortality Holocaust. French economist Thomas Piketty has exposed how the present huge and growing wealth inequality is bad for the economy (the poor cannot afford to buy the goods and services they produce) and bad for democracy (Big Money determines public perception reality, and hence votes). Piketty has proposed an annual wealth tax to address this gap. Indeed one notes that an annual wealth tax of 2.5% (zakat) has been emplaced in the Muslim world for 1400 years [40, 47-49]. The Western democracies have become Kleptocracies, Plutocracies, Murdochracies, Lobbyocracies, Corporatocracies and Dollarocracies in which Big Money purchases people, politicians, parties, policies, public perception of reality, votes and hence more power and more private wealth. At the heart of the problem lies neoliberalism that seeks to maximize the freedom of the smart and advantaged to exploit the human and natural resources of the world for private profit (with an asserted “trickle down” benefit for the poor). The humane alternative is social humanism (socialism, ecosocialism, democratic socialism, human rights-cognizant communism, the welfare state, Universal Basic Income) that seeks to sustainably maximize happiness, dignity and opportunity for everyone by culturally cognizant and evolving intra-national and international social contracts. However social humanism that could abolish the Global Avoidable Mortality Holocaust is variously ignored or scorned by the politically dominant, merciless, mendacious and neoliberal Mainstream journalist, editor, politician, academic and commentariat presstitutes. In vain decent people plead for core human values of Kindness and Truth that are rejected by the Racism and Lying of the merciless neoliberals.
While numerous anti-racist Jewish intellectuals are resolutely critical of the ongoing Palestinian Genocide (and indeed of the horrendous circumstance of the Global South in general), Western Mainstream Media variously censor or white-wash the nuclear terrorist, genocidally racist, and grossly human rights-abusing conduct of Apartheid Israel. A part explanation for this huge moral discrepancy is that the American 60% of the world’s 30 biggest media companies have a disproportionately high Jewish Board membership. Jews and females represent 2% and 51%, respectively, of the US population but average 33% and 19%, respectively, of Board members of the top 18 US media companies [50]. Unfortunately while ordinary, decent, anti-racist Jews speak out about Israeli Apartheid, the obscenely wealthy Jewish One Percenters remain silent (passive complicity in racist Zionism) or as Mainstream media owners actively promote a mendacious and genocidally racist Zionist line. The neoliberal perversion means that One Percenters dominate, with a concomitant domination by Jewish and non-Jewish Zionists and pro-Zionists [50].
This wealth inequality is massive and deadly. Thus Oxfam (2022): “The wealth of the 10 richest men has doubled, while the incomes of 99% of humanity are worse off, because of COVID-19… 252 men have more wealth than all 1 billion women and girls in Africa and Latin America and the Caribbean, combined… Since 1995, the top 1% have captured nearly 20 times more of global wealth than the bottom 50% of humanity… Twenty of the richest billionaires are estimated, on average, to be emitting as much as 8,000 times more carbon than the billion poorest people… Inequality contributes to the deaths of at least 21,300 people each day—or one person every four seconds [7.8 million deaths per year] [51]. Credit-Suisse (2022) determined that in 2021 the world’s richest 62.5M (1.2% of the world’s population) owned $221.7 trillion (47.8% of the world’s wealth). In stark contrast, the poorest 2,818 M (53.2% of the world ‘s population) owned a mere $5.0 trillion (1.1% of the world’s wealth) [52]. Thus in round figures the top One Percenters own roughly 50% of the world’s wealth whereas the bottom 50% owns about 1% of the world’s wealth [52].
While Jews represent only 2% of the US population, they are disproportionately wealthy. Thus the Chicago Jewish News (2022): “American Jews contributed an estimated 30 percent to the 100 richest this year, or 139 of the Forbes 400” [53] . Jewish wealth has been exploited historically by repugnant anti-Jewish anti-Semitism. However it must be observed that anti-racist Jews in the US are typically young and of modest wealth whereas in my perception there is at best silence by wealthy Jews over Zionist crimes, and disproportionately Jewish-run Mainstream media are fervently pro-Zionist in the US and indeed in the Zionist-subverted West in general. Nevertheless, led by anti-racist Jews things are set to change in response to the victory of the genocidally racist Zionists Ben-Gvir and Netanyahu in the recent Apartheid Israel fake “elections” in which 72% of the Indigenous Palestinian Subjects of Apartheid Israel were excluded (for their genocidally racist opinions of these Israeli leaders see [11]).
Thus outstanding anti-racist Jewish American writer Philip Weiss (editor of the “Mondoweiss” web magazine ) (2022): “Zionism—the ideology Ben-Gvir and Netanyahu embody, one of Jewish supremacy in the Jewish land– is at last becoming problematic for American Jews. They are up to their chins in a discriminatory ideology, and so we begin a war over Zionism that will bring down the Israel lobby in the next ten years. Because Zionism destroys everything in its path. It took decades for Zionism to win in America. Herzl was an embarrassment to Jewish leadership till Brandeis converted to Zionism in 1916. It took the rise of Nazism in the 30s to swing the Jewish establishment over to Zionism as a program in 1942; and by 1967 of course, the ravishment was complete… Zionism has caused nightmares and heartache and misery for Palestinians for decades, but as the media consultant, and Mondoweiss contributor, Ghousoon Bisharat said to me in Haifa, Ben-Gvir is not our problem, he is the Jews’ problem. And now he is the American Jews’ problem. Finally American Jews will see what Zionism has done to us, corrupted almost every Jewish institution with racism, turned Jewish leaders into apologists for persecution and massacres. “You must explain to me how the most accomplished most highly educated most liberal group in America has embraced apartheid,” John Mearsheimer said to me years ago” [54].
(3). Climate change.
Zionism and eventually Apartheid Israel were supported by the British and thence the US for control of Middle East oil. Middle East oil and gas exploitation have been major elements of massive greenhouse gas (GHG) pollution that is now acutely and indeed existentially threatening Humanity and the Biosphere. The role of racist Zionism and Apartheid Israel in this Humanity- and Biosphere-threatening catastrophe is outlined below.
(a). Apartheid Israel was created by the British in the interests of British imperial hegemony and control of Middle East oil. The British Zionist enterprise not only generated a century-long Palestinian Genocide (2.2 million Palestinian deaths from violence, 0.1 million, and from war- and occupation-based deprivation, 2.1 million) [7, 55-58] but was linked to a century-long and continuing devastation of the Muslim world from West Africa to South East Asia. The human cost of the over 100 year Western devastation of Iraq has been horrendous as set out by Iraqi and other scholars [7, 59-61]. British interest in invading and conquering Iraq came from discovery of oil in adjacent Iran in 1908. Western violation of Iraq commenced with the British invasion a mere 6 years later, in 1914 during WW1. The human cost for Iraq has been horrendous and exceeds the human cost of the Mongol invasion of the Middle East in the 13th century [59-61]. Ignoring Iraqi deaths associated with the US-backed Iraq-Iran War, one can estimate about 9 million Iraqi deaths from UK or US violence or imposed deprivation in the century after the 1914 invasion of Iraq by Britain, this constituting an Iraqi Holocaust and an Iraqi Genocide [59-61]. As estimated in 2015 about 32 million Muslims died from violence, 5 million, and deprivation, 27 million, in 20 countries invaded by the US Alliance since the US Government’s 9/11false flag atrocity that killed 3,000 people, mostly Americans [30-32, 61].
What has driven the century-long Anglo-American devastation of the Middle East? The answer to the question is simple: oil. Alan Greenspan (leading Republican economist, chairman of the US Federal Reserve for almost two decades, and servant of four US presidents): “I am saddened that it is politically inconvenient to acknowledge what everyone knows: the Iraq war is largely about oil” [62]. Professor Noam Chomsky (eminent linguistics expert and anti-racist Jewish American human rights activist at 100-Nobel-Laureate Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) (2009): “There is basically no significant change in the fundamental traditional conception that if we can control Middle East energy resources, then we can control the world” [63].
Marxist historian Neil Faulkner: “One area of the world has assumed particular significance for the great powers since 1945: the Middle East. The reason is that it holds about 70% of the world’s known oil reserves. Oil is the global economy’s most important commodity. Oil is fuel, heat, and light. Without it, capitalism would grind to a halt. Oil is also immensely profitable. Five of the world’s top ten corporations are oil companies… Oil is the principal reason the Middle East has been a battleground for a century… Oil is the principal reason the Middle East has been a battleground for a century… The British had also made a wartime promise of support for Zionist settlement in Palestine to create ‘a national home for the Jewish people’ (the Balfour Declaration). This promise was kept… Judaism is a religious confession, not a race, nor even a nationality. The vast majority of European Jews were descended from converts to Judaism in medieval times. Their only real ‘homeland’ was Europe… The problem was that Palestine was already occupied. And of its 700,000 people in 1918, only 60,000 were Jews. The rest were Arabs, most of them tenant-farmers. Yet by 1947, when the British surrendered their ‘mandate’ to rule Palestine, Jewish numbers had increased more than ten-fold to 650,000, Arab numbers less than three-fold to 2,000,000. The difference is explained by the large-scale Jewish immigration permitted under British rule… At least 700,000 Palestinians fled their homes in 1948… The State of Israel was proclaimed in 1948. It has since fought a series of wars against its Arab neighbours – in 1956, 1967, 1973, and 1982. It captured the Golan Heights, the West Bank, the Gaza Strip, and the Sinai Desert in 1967. Another 350,000 Palestinians joined a second exodus in that year… Israel is also an outpost of imperialism. It regularly receives up to 25% of total US foreign military aid. The Zionist state is the paid watchdog of Western imperialism in Middle East. Zionism and US imperialism are enduring sources of oppression, violence, and instability in the Middle East” [23].
(b). Climate criminal and exceptionalist Apartheid Israel ignores the IAE demand for no new fossil fuel exploitation with huge gas exploitation in the Eastern Mediterranean. The International Energy Association (IAE) in its 2021 “Net zero by 2050” Special Report: “Key milestones in the pathway to net zero [by 2050]. 2021: No new oil and gas fields approved; no new coal mines or mine extensions” [64]. However climate criminal and exceptionalist Apartheid Israel ignores the IAE and the World and is committed to massive new exploitation of gas resources in the Eastern Mediterranean. A huge Greece, Cyprus and Apartheid Israel EastMed gas pipeline scheme was advanced and agreed upon after Apartheid Israel and Lebanon reached accommodation [65-70]. However this scheme was ultimately opposed by the US Biden Administration and “Israeli” gas will be sent to Egypt for liquefaction and export to Europe as Liquid Natural Gas (LNG) [69, 70].
The Leviathan and Tamar gas fields are located in the eastern Mediterranean Sea off the coast of Israel. They are estimated to contain total natural gas reserves of approximately 605 billion cubic metres (bcm) [435.6 Mt] , while condensate reserves are estimated to be 39 million metric barrels (Mmbbl) [68]. By way of comparison, according to Hellenic Shipping: “ Qatar, which accounted 21% of the LNG exports market share in 2021, has emerged as one of the key countries that the EU or European Union is trying to import more LNG from as they scramble to find new suppliers and increase LNG imports. The EU imported 24% of its 77bcm (billion cubic metres) LNG in 2021 from Qatar ahead of Russia (20%) and behind the US (26%). In the first phase Qatar plans to increase its LNG production by 43% from 77mn tonnes per year to 110mn tonnes per year by 2025. In the second phase of the project Qatar plans its LNG production to increase to 126mn tonnes per year by 2027” [71] (this annual production being about the same as the total gas reserve of the Leviathan gas field) [68]. Note that 1 million tons (Mt) of LNG is equal to between 1.38 – 1.41 bcm of gas. Hence 1 Mt LNG = 1.395 bcm gas i.e. 1 bcm gas = 1 Mt LNG/1.395 bcm = 0.72 Mt gas [72].
Global gas demand in 2021 [73] was 3,913 Bcm = 3,913 Bcm x 0.72 Mt / 1 Bcm = 2,817 Mt gas. Thus the estimated total Leviathan gas reserve of 435.6 Mt is 435.6 Mt x 100/ 2,817 Mt = 15.5% of the world’s annual gas use. However there is a largely unreported dimension to this: methane (CH4) is a gas, is about 85% of natural gas, leaks (at an average of about 3% in the US), and has a Global Warming Potential (GWP) that is 105 times that of carbon dioxide (CO2) on a 20 year time frame and with aerosol impacts considered. This means that the greenhouse effect of natural gas taking 3% leakage into account is roughly 2 times the greenhouse effect of the CO2 from burning the remaining 97% of natural gas [74-77]. The molecular weights of CH4 and CO2 are 16 and 44, respectively, and thus the combustion of 1 Mt of CH4 yields 44/16 Mt CO2 = 2.75 Mt CO2. The global annual natural gas use of 2,817 Mt corresponds to 2,817 Mt CH4 x 2.75 Mt CO2 /Mt CH4 = 7,747 Mt CO2 released. However taking a 3% leakage into account, this corresponds roughly to 2 x 7,747 Mt CO2-e = 15,494 Mt CO2-e or 24.3% of the world’s total GHG pollution of 63.8 Gt CO2-e. The global per capita GHG pollution from natural gas use is 15,494 Mt CO2-e/8,000 million persons = 1.94 t CO2-e person per year.
Apartheid Israel is substantially increasing its gas production [78, 79]. Xinhua (2022): “The [Israeli] report includes revenue from royalties from natural gas, oil and minerals, as well as fees, which altogether amounted to 1.27 billion shekels [US$0.358 billion] in 2021. Israel’s natural gas revenue came from the gas produced at Leviathan and Tamar fields in the Mediterranean Sea, according to the report. Thus, a total of 19.5 billion cubic meters (BCM) [14.0 Mt] of natural gas was produced from both fields in 2021, an increase of about 25.1 percent compared to 15.59 BCM [11.22 Mt] in 2020, it added. The ministry said it expects an increase in total royalties and fees in 2022 to a new record of 1.36 billion shekels [US$0.394 billion]” [79].
The Israeli annual production of 14.0 Mt natural gas corresponds to 14.0 Mt CH4 x 2.75 Mt CO2 /Mt CH4 = 38.5 Mt CO2 or 77.0 Mt CO2-e (assuming 3% leakage). The Jewish population of Apartheid Israel is 6.8 million, and thus the per capita GHG pollution from gas exploitation is 77.0 Mt CO2-e /6.8 million = 11.3 t CO2-e per person per year or 5.8 times the global average and increasing. Zionist exceptionalism indeed.
(c). Disproportionately high Apartheid Israeli carbon footprint. The revised annual per capita greenhouse gas pollution (taking land use into account) in tonnes CO2-e per person per year (2016) is Israel (20.2), as compared to the similarly rich countries of the UK ( 21.5), Norway (20.1), Ukraine (19.1), and Germany (18.6). In stark contrast, compare this with the climate-change-threatened large nations of Bangladesh (2.7), Egypt (2.6), Pakistan (2.5), and India (2.1). Indeed the world average (2016) is 8.9 tonnes CO2-e per person per year [80, 81].
(d). Apartheid Israel’s disproportionately high GDP per capita and hence carbon footprint and Carbon Debt. Carbon Debt is simply the damage-related cost of greenhouse gas (GHG) pollution that if not addressed now will inescapably have to be paid by future generations. However GHG emissions continue to rise inexorably, and there is no global program to draw down CO2 and other GHGs from the atmosphere. While young people like Greta Thunberg are now resolutely demanding massive climate action, the inescapable global Carbon Debt is $200- $250 trillion and increasing by $16 trillion each year [82]. One notes that the world GDP is presently $100 trillion, and so effective climate action to reverse the harm , while increasingly difficult and expensive, is still possible and still conceivable. Unfortunately resolute climate inaction is dooming the planet: there is no decrease in record atmospheric levels of the GHGs CO2, CH4 and N2O (they are all steadily increasing) nor in huge tropical deforestation (it is estimated that 30% of the Amazon rainforest has gone), and record coal production. The production of gas, oil, cattle, cement and steel is remorselessly increasing. “Tackling climate change” means that these key parameters should decrease, but it is simply not happening [83]. Underscoring this suicidal refusal to act is the utter failure of the recent COP27 Climate Conference in Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt, that utterly rejected full reparations for the increasingly climate change-impacted Global South while disingenuously supporting the notion of a “loss and damage fund”, the actual funding of which would be “tackled” somehow in coming years [84].
However while rich European countries are betraying the young (intergenerational injustice) and the Global South (climate genocide), rich Apartheid Israel is also betraying its impoverished, dispossessed and abused Indigenous Palestinian Subjects. The per capita GDP (a measure of carbon footprint in a global carbon-based economy) is a mere $3,500 for Apartheid Israel’s 5.2 million horribly deprived and abused Occupied Palestinian Subjects whereas it is $55,400 for the Occupier Apartheid Israel (excluding the Occupied Palestinian Subjects) [85]. The total of 15 million impoverished Indigenous Palestinians include 5.2 million wretchedly poor Occupied Palestinians, 8 million Exiled Palestinians of whom the 7 million stateless refugees are destitute, and about 2 million Israeli Palestinians who are much poorer than Jewish Israelis and restricted by 65 Nazi-style and race-based discriminatory laws [1, 86, 87].
Final comments.
The world is existentially threatened by nuclear weapons, poverty and climate change [4, 7, 77]. As detailed above, nuclear terrorist, genocidally racist and exceptionalist Apartheid Israel not only treats Indigenous Palestinians appallingly, it also makes a disproportionately high contribution to these acute and existential threats to the whole of Humanity. Decent people around the World concerned for present and future generations must (a) inform everyone they can, and (b), urge and apply Boycotts, Divestment and Sanctions (BDS) against Apartheid Israel and all its racist supporters.
References.
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Dr Gideon Polya taught science students at La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia over 4 decades. He published some 130 works in a 5 decade scientific career, notably a huge pharmacological reference text “Biochemical Targets of Plant Bioactive Compounds”. He has also published “Body Count. Global avoidable mortality since 1950” (2007, 2022) and “Jane Austen and the Black Hole of British History” (1998, 2008). He has recently published “US-imposed Post-9-11 Muslim Holocaust & Muslim Genocide” (2020), and “Climate Crisis, Climate Genocide & Solutions” (2020). For images of Gideon Polya’s huge paintings for the Planet, Peace, Mother and Child see: http://sites.google.com/site/artforpeaceplanetmotherchild/ .
