Mamata Banerjee’s mass leadership, Arvind Kejriwal’s strategic acumen, and Rahul Gandhi’s ideological convictions could together form a formidable Opposition against the BJP. Yet, the lack of coordination and a unified vision has left the Congress struggling to rejuvenate itself and effectively counter the BJP’s political dominance. The recently held elections be it in Haryana or Maharashtra, both prove the same point, is the Congress, the national level party and supposedly the biggest opposition is losing its grip from the electoral politics, These thoughts came to mind as I started reading the latest book by senior journalist Rajdeep Sardesai, 2024: The Election That Surprised India, which has quickly become a bestseller since its recent release. The book prompts an important discussion on how the opposition in the country finds itself in a dilemma, hindered by a lack of synergy—a key topic explored in this article.
Congress: A Legacy Brand in Crisis
Congress, which is supposedly the largest National party in the opposition, is however, pitted with several problems. Despite their claims, it has failed to impress in the state elections except in the new states. their overconfidence and lack of concerted efforts had led to many problems, which we see in the party. The ruling party has left no stone unturned to make it toothless, and powerful as far as electoral politics is concerned. The following could be the possible reasons how Congress today can be seen, have a look as under:
- Organizational Stagnation: The Congress remains fossilized, failing to evolve with new leaders, strategies, or energy.
- Urban Disconnect: Urban middle-class aspirations remain unaddressed, pushing this crucial demographic towards the BJP and religious politics.
- Misplaced Narratives: The party’s “one size fits all” approach, such as overemphasizing Adani in Maharashtra, highlights its strategic missteps.
The Role of Religion in Politics
Religion has long influenced Indian politics, from the Babri Masjid demolition to today’s overt communal narratives, political parties particularly the BJP has used as its tool to establish its rule in the country. While earlier this influence was subtle, it has now become brazen, raising concerns about social divisions. In today’s secular constitutional framework, religion increasingly influences politics.
While we remember Jawaharlal Nehru objected to President Rajendra Prasad attending the consecration of the Somnath Temple, the scenario today is completely 180 degree reversed. Today, we have a Prime Minister who openly embraces his identity as a devout Hindu leader, frequently visiting temples and integrating his faith into his political image. Modi has cemented religion’s central role in contemporary politics, though its long-term implications remain uncertain. This approach, however, diverges from Gandhi’s vision of religion in politics.
The other challenges that remain in the political landscape in India are as under:
- Majority vs. Minority Politics: BJP’s majority appeasement mirrors the Congress’s past allegations of minority appeasement, intensifying vote-bank politics. This strategy has succeeded in several northern states of India, while the South has largely resisted it. However, a growing North-South divide is likely to shape the political landscape in the near future.
- Media’s Role: The media has normalized communal narratives, furthering divisions. Thanks to the evolution of Godi Media in the country, which is trying to paint a particular picture of the country only to appease its bosses. In other words, the media is no longer the fourth pillar of democracy now.
- Dangers Ahead: Incidents like searching for temples under mosques highlight the risk of potential social friction. Such actions can disrupt harmony, deepen historical divides, and create a volatile environment. Addressing these issues with sensitivity and fostering dialogue is crucial to preserving the social fabric and unity of the nation.
The Urban Challenge: AAP’s Model vs. Congress’s Stagnation
Arvind Kejriwal has offered a tangible model for urban India through initiatives like government schools and mohalla clinics. While they may not be perfect, they resonate with urban aspirations, addressing key areas such as education and healthcare. These efforts symbolize a shift toward governance focused on grassroots development and accessible public services. By emphasizing quality infrastructure and inclusivity, Kejriwal’s approach continues to inspire urban populations, offering a blueprint for other states to follow. However, talking about the Delhi elections, Kejriwal faces anti-incumbency but remains a strategic politician capable of bouncing back, making the upcoming Delhi elections a critical test for both AAP and BJP. However, Congress has remained invisible in the Delhi political map and talks a lot about their stagnation.
The Social and Political Trends to Watch
- Delimitation and Regional Frictions: Post-delimitation fears may deepen north-south or east-west divides, particularly with southern states feeling underrepresented. The redrawing of constituencies could skew political power towards populous northern states, potentially sidelining southern voices. This imbalance may exacerbate regional tensions, challenging the federal structure and sparking debates over equitable representation and resource allocation in governance.
- Economic Inequality: The growing gap between the haves and have-nots poses significant social challenges, leading to heightened inequality, social unrest, and a sense of disenfranchisement among marginalized groups. This widening divide not only threatens social cohesion but also hinders economic mobility, exacerbating poverty and limiting opportunities for large segments of society.
- Unemployment Crisis: A large youth population without adequate employment threatens social stability, as young people may become disillusioned and frustrated with limited opportunities. This can lead to higher rates of unemployment, migration, and even unrest, as a lack of meaningful work fosters a sense of alienation. Furthermore, this growing unemployment gap can contribute to rising crime rates, political instability, and a lack of trust in governing institutions. Addressing this challenge through skill development, job creation, and economic reforms is crucial for maintaining long-term social harmony and progress.
The Road Ahead – The Final Words
India’s genius lies in its diversity and secular foundations, which have long been the pillars of its unity and strength. However, today’s political trends risk undermining this legacy, as rising polarization and identity politics challenge the very essence of India’s inclusive democracy. To remain relevant, the Congress must reinvent itself by embracing modernity, addressing urban aspirations, and building a robust organizational base that connects with the aspirations of the youth and marginalized communities. The Opposition must shed individual ambitions, put aside petty rivalries, and work towards a unified vision if it hopes to challenge the BJP’s dominance effectively and restore balance in Indian politics. Without this transformation, the ability to present a viable alternative to the ruling party will remain limited.
(Mohd Ziyauallah Khan is a freelance content writer & editor based in Nagpur. He is also an activist and social entrepreneur, co-founder of the group TruthScape, a team of digital activists fighting disinformation on social media.)
